Key:health specialty:*
| Prefix health_specialty:* |
| Description |
|---|
| The medical specialty of a person, facility or service |
| Group: Health |
| Used on these elements |
| Requires |
|
| Useful combination |
|
| See also |
| Status: proposed |
| taginfo: health_specialty:* |
This page describes a key prefix rather than a simple key.
Specialties for the western medical system
Meaning of the values for health_specialty:*=yes / main / additional / no / partial / trained:
- yes: The specialty is practised in/by the object.
- main: Same as yes, but the specialty is the main working field of the facility/person. Primary useful, but not restricted to countries, such as Germany or Austria, where physicians can optional further trained going beyond their main field.
- additional: Same as yes, but the specialty is not the main working field of the facility/person. Primary useful, but not restricted to countries, such as Germany or Austria, where physicians can optional further trained going beyond their main field.
- no: The specialty is not practised in/by the object.
- partial: A limited subset of the specialty is practised in/by the object. This tag will help to specify, that the provided services are under the common expected standard in an area such as a country.
- trained: The health person has got training in this specialty, but does not practice this specialty or provide any services in this specialty.
Useful addional tags
provided_for:*=yes/no: To which group of persons the health care related service, facility, amenity, etc. is provided?
treat:inpatient=yes/no/only: This objects treats (only) inpatients. This tag defaults to yes for all objects tagged as hospitals and to no for all other objects.
beds=*: Total number of beds in a facility or building.
disease:*=yes/no: For which type of disease/disability are the medical treatment/support/services provided? The key should be the common used English scientific name of the disease in lower case. For diseases you never want to get, such as AIDS, and witch are caused persisting pathogens as viruses, you can use the name of the virus, witch is HIV in this example. Especially for names with consists more then three parts and which have an common used and easy to find abbreviation, this should be used. But make sure that it is non-ambiguous.
home_visit=yes/no: This object provides home visits.
work_accident=yes/no: If the object is in some kind involved in reviews or the treatment of work accidents.
emergency=yes/no:This object is used in case of an emergency. See also emergency=*.
counselling=yes/no: This object is not health care related and provides counselling. Generic add-on tag for counselling_type:*=yes/no.
Physician's specialties
This are mainly specialities for physicians, and some for laboratories, but there are not restricted to these.
Main field specialties
| Key | Value | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:anatomy | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | Anatomy. tries to understand the inner structure of living organisms | |
| health_specialty:anaesthesiology | Anaesthesiology. blocking pain on surgeries, also by making the patient temporarily unresponsive | ||
| health_specialty:biochemistry | Biochemistry. studies chemical processes in living organisms | ||
| health_specialty:public_health | Public health/Community medicine/Community health/Social medicine. preventing diseases and make informed choices affecting the overall health of a community, based on population health analysis | ||
| health_specialty:dentistry | Dentistry/stomatology. treatment disorders of the teeth and inside the mouth | ||
| health_specialty:dermatology | Dermatology. treatment of skin disorders | ||
| health_specialty:disaster_medicine | Disaster medicine. disaster response and recovery medicine | ||
| health_specialty:ear_nose_throat | Otolaryngology/Otorhinolaryngology/ENT. treatment of ear, nose and throat | ||
| health_specialty:emergency_medicine | Emergency medicine/Traumatology. treatment of acute illnesses or injuries, which require immediate medical attention | ||
| health_specialty:environmental_medicine | Environmental medicine. studying the interactions between environment and human health, and the role of the environment in causing or mediating disease | ||
| health_specialty:family_medicine | Family medicine/General medicine. primary health care providing continuing, comprehensive care to individuals across all ages, sexes, diseases, and parts of the body | ||
| health_specialty:intensive_care_medicine | Intensive-care medicine. life support of patients who are critically ill | ||
| health_specialty:internal_medicine | Internal medicine. laboratory supported diagnosis and treatment, especially of undifferentiated or multi-system inside body diseases | ||
| health_specialty:medical_genetics | Medical genetics. diagnosis and management of hereditary disorders | ||
| health_specialty:medical_microbiology | Medical microbiology. study of medical important micro-organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites | ||
| health_specialty:neurology | Neurology. treatment of disorders of the nervous system | ||
| health_specialty:nuclear_medicine | Nuclear medicine. uses radionuclides for diagnosis and treatment of disease | ||
| health_specialty:occupational_medicine | Occupational medicine. health of people engaged in work or employment | ||
| health_specialty:ophthalmology | Ophthalmology. medicine and diseases of the eyes | ||
| health_specialty:optometry | Optometry. non-surgical treatment of diseases affecting vision | ||
| health_specialty:paediatrics | Paediatrics. medical care of infants, children, and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:pain_medicine | Pain medicine/Algiatry. medicine of pain reduction | ||
| health_specialty:palliative_medicine | Palliative medicine. treatment that reduces the severity of disease symptoms, rather than cure, delay, or reverse progression the disease itself | ||
| health_specialty:pathology | Pathology. does detection, definition and categorization of diseases | ||
| health_specialty:pharmacology | Pharmacology. studies drug action in humans | ||
| health_specialty:physiatry | Physiatry/Physical medicine and rehabilitation medicine. aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities | ||
| health_specialty:physiology | Physiology. science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of organism in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed | ||
| health_specialty:psychiatry | Psychiatry. study and treatment of mental disorders. This generic tag includes health_specialty:child_psychiatry=* and health_specialty:adult_psychiatry=* | ||
| health_specialty:radiology | Radiology. medical imaging or treatment of the interior of the human body using various forms of radiation | ||
| health_specialty:reproductive_medicine | Reproductive medicine. medical prevention, diagnosis and management of reproductive problems | ||
| health_specialty:sleep_medicine | Sleep medicine. diagnosis and therapy of sleep disturbances and disorders | ||
| health_specialty:sports_medicine | Sports medicine. treatment of injuries related to sport | ||
| health_specialty:surgery | Surgery. uses operative techniques on patients to investigate and/or treat disorders or injury | ||
| health_specialty:transfusion_medicine | Transfusion medicine/Transfusiology. is concerned with the transfusion of blood and blood components | ||
| health_specialty:unknown | This is a specialized health object, e.g. a hospital, but the specialty is not known. |
Subspecialties
| Key | Value | Common subspecialty of | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:epidemiology | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | public_health | Epidemiology. study of patterns of health and illness and associated factors at population level | |
| health_specialty:social_medicine | public_health | Social medicine. seeks to understand how social and economic conditions impact health, disease and the practice of medicine | ||
| health_specialty:endodontics | dentistry | Endodontics. treatment of the dental pulp | ||
| health_specialty:oral_surgery | dentistry | Oral surgery. surgery of the mouth, teeth, gums, jaws; it does not include the whole head | ||
| health_specialty:orthodontics | dentistry | Orthodontics. therapy of improper bites | ||
| health_specialty:periodontology | dentistry | Periodontology. treatment of teeth supporting structures | ||
| health_specialty:prosthodontics | dentistry | Prosthodontics. prosthetic dentistry | ||
| health_specialty:audiology | ear_nose_throat | Audiology. treatment of hearing and balance disorders | ||
| health_specialty:phoniatrics | ear_nose_throat | Phoniatrics. treatment of organs involved with speech production | ||
| health_specialty:andrology | internal_medicine | Andrology. health of the male reproductive system | ||
| health_specialty:angiology | internal_medicine | Angiology/Vascular medicine. treatment of diseases of the circulatory system | ||
| health_specialty:cardiology | internal_medicine | Cardiology. deals with disorders of the heart | ||
| health_specialty:endocrinology | internal_medicine | Endocrinology. treatment of illnesses of the hormone secreting glands | ||
| health_specialty:gastroenterology | internal_medicine | Gastroenterology. treatment of the digestive system/gastrointestinal tract | ||
| health_specialty:geriatrics | internal_medicine | Geriatrics. supporting health of old adults | ||
| health_specialty:gynaecology | internal_medicine | Gynaecology. health of the female reproductive system | ||
| health_specialty:haematology | internal_medicine | Haematology. diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases | ||
| health_specialty:infectiology | internal_medicine | Infectiology/Infectious diseases. treatment of illnesses resulting from the presence of pathogenic biological agents | ||
| health_specialty:nephrology | internal_medicine | Nephrology. treatment of diseases of the kidney | ||
| health_specialty:oncology | internal_medicine | Oncology. treatment of tumours | ||
| health_specialty:pulmonology | internal_medicine | Pulmonology/Pneumology/Respiratory medicine. treatment of diseases of the respiratory system | ||
| health_specialty:rheumatology | internal_medicine | Rheumatology. treatment of diseases affecting the joints, muscles, and bones | ||
| health_specialty:immunology | medical_microbiology | Immunology. deals with malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders | ||
| health_specialty:aviation_medicine | occupational_medicine | Aviation medicine/Flight medicine/Aerospace medicine. treat or prevent conditions to which aircrews are particularly susceptible | ||
| health_specialty:neonatology | paediatrics | Neonatology. care of ill or premature newborn infants | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_cardiology | paediatrics | Cardiology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_diabetology | paediatrics | Diabetology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_endocrinology | paediatrics | Endocrinology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_gastroenterology | paediatrics | Gastroenterology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_haematology | paediatrics | Haematology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_nephrology | paediatrics | Nephrology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_neurology | paediatrics | Neurology/Neuropaediatrics done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_oncology | paediatrics | Oncology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_ophthalmology | paediatrics | Ophthalmology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_orthopaedics | paediatrics | Orthopaedics done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_pulmonology | paediatrics | Pulmonology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_rheumatology | paediatrics | Rheumatology done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_intensive_care_medicine | paediatrics | Intensive care done on children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:social_paediatrics | paediatrics | Social paediatrics whole-family and whole-community approach to child medical problems and prevention | ||
| health_specialty:clinical_pathology | pathology | Clinical pathology/Laboratory Medicine/Clinical analysis/Clinical Biology/Medical Biology diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids | ||
| health_specialty:forensic_pathology | pathology | Forensic pathology. determining the cause of death by doing an autopsy | ||
| health_specialty:neuropathology | pathology | Neuropathology. deals with the origin of diseases of the nervous system | ||
| health_specialty:toxicology | pathology | Toxicology. study of harmful or toxic effects of drugs | ||
| health_specialty:clinical_pharmacology | pharmacology | Clinical pharmacology. studies how clinical drugs affecting the human metabolism | ||
| health_specialty:addiction_medicine | psychiatry | Addiction medicine. treatment of addiction such as detoxification and rehabilitation | ||
| health_specialty:adult_psychiatry | psychiatry | Psychiatry. treatment of mental disorders in adults | ||
| health_specialty:child_psychiatry | psychiatry | Child and adolescent psychiatry. treatment of psychopathological disorders of children and adolescents | ||
| health_specialty:forensic_psychiatry | psychiatry | Forensic psychiatry. law enforcement supporting psychiatry | ||
| health_specialty:neuropsychiatry | psychiatry | Neuropsychiatry. diseases of the nervous system which cause metal disorders | ||
| health_specialty:psychosomatic_medicine | psychiatry | Psychosomatic medicine. studies the relationships of social, psychological and behavioural factors on body processes and well-being | ||
| health_specialty:diagnostic_radiology | radiology | Diagnostic radiology.creates medical images of the human body for clinical purposes e.g. diagnosis | ||
| health_specialty:neuroradiology | radiology | Neuroradiology. diagnosis and characterization of abnormalities of the central and peripheral nervous system | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_radiology | radiology | Paediatric radiology. imaging of foetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults | ||
| health_specialty:radiotherapy | radiology | Radiotherapy/Radiation therapy/Radiation oncology. use of ionising radiation for treating cancer | ||
| health_specialty:cardiothoracic_surgery | surgery | Cardiothoracic surgery. treatment of diseases affecting organs inside the thorax/chest | ||
| health_specialty:colorectal_surgery | surgery | Colorectal surgery/Proctology. surgery of the colon, rectum and anal canal | ||
| health_specialty:general_surgery | surgery | General Surgery/Abdominal surgery. surgery of abdominal organs, e.g. esophagus, intestine, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder | ||
| health_specialty:hand_surgery | surgery | Hand surgery. treatment of conditions and problems that may take place in the hand or upper extremity | ||
| health_specialty:maxillofacial_surgery | surgery | Oral and maxillofacial surgery. surgery of the head, neck, face | ||
| health_specialty:neurosurgery | surgery | Neurosurgery. treatment of disorders affecting nervous system | ||
| health_specialty:obstetrics | surgery | Obstetrics. care of women and their children during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period | ||
| health_specialty:orthopaedics | surgery | Orthopaedic surgery. musculoskeletal system | ||
| health_specialty:paediatric_surgery | surgery | Paediatric surgery. surgery of foetuses, infants, children, adolescents and young adults | ||
| health_specialty:plastic_surgery | surgery | Plastic surgery. surgical correction or restoration of form and function of organs | ||
| health_specialty:podiatry | surgery | Podiatry. diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, and lower leg | ||
| health_specialty:transplant_surgery | surgery | Transplant surgery. surgical transplant of organs | ||
| health_specialty:trauma_surgery | surgery | Trauma surgery. treatment of physical injuries caused by emergencies | ||
| health_specialty:urology | surgery | Urology. surgery of the urinary tract | ||
| health_specialty:vascular_surgery | surgery | Vascular surgery. surgery of the vascular system (arteries and veins) |
Subsubspecialties
| Key | Value | Common subspecialty of | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:cardiovascular_surgery | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | cardiothoracic_surgery | Cardiovascular surgery. surgery of the heart and the great vessels | |
| health_specialty:thoracic_surgery | cardiothoracic_surgery | Thoracic_surgery. treatment organs inside the thorax, but without the heart | ||
| health_specialty:phlebotomy | vascular_surgery | Phlebotomy. process of making an incision in a vein, e.g. to draw blood | ||
| health_specialty:diabetology | endocrinology | Diabetology. clinical science of diabetes mellitus, its diagnosis, treatment and follow-up | ||
| health_specialty:hepatology | gastroenterology | Hepatology. treatment of disorders of the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas | ||
| health_specialty:allergology | immunology | Allergology. treatment of hypersensitive disorders of the immune system | ||
| health_specialty:tropical_medicine | infectiology | Tropical_medicine. treatment of health problems that occur uniquely, are more widespread, or prove more difficult to control in tropical and subtropical regions | ||
| health_specialty:venereology | infectiology | Venereology. treatment of sexually transmitted diseases | ||
| health_specialty:urogynaecology | urology | Urogynecology. treatment of urinary incontinence and female pelvic floor disorders |
Specialties for therapists and the alternative medicine
Main field specialties
| Key | Value | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:alternative_medicine | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | Alternative medicine. any healing practice that does not fall within the realm of conventional medicine in the affected medical system | |
| health_specialty:manual_therapy | Manual therapy/manipulative therapy. physical intervention on the body through hands-on therapy | ||
| health_specialty:balneotherapy | Balneotherapy. treatment of disease by bathing, usually practiced at spas | ||
| health_specialty:belief_based_therapy | belief based therapy. therapies which mainly/only rely on belief, e.g. they are more like a religious procedure or belie e.g. in some form of higher energy | ||
| health_specialty:dietetics | Dietetics. dietary modification to address medical issues involving dietary intake | ||
| health_specialty:hydrotherapy | Hydrotherapy. using water for treating illnesses; in most cases the effects of temperature changes or steam e.g. as used in a sauna | ||
| health_specialty:mind_body_intervention | Mind-body intervention. methods to enhance the mind's capacity to affect bodily function and symptoms | ||
| health_specialty:music_therapy | Music therapy. interpersonal process in which a trained music therapist uses music and all of its facets—physical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual—to help clients to improve or maintain their health | ||
| health_specialty:naturopathy | Naturopathy/Naturopathic medicine. focuses on the body's vitalistic ability to heal and maintain itself | ||
| health_specialty:occupational_therapy | Occupational therapy. promoting health and well being through occupation | ||
| health_specialty:physiotherapy | Physiotherapy/Physical therapy. attempted remediation to individuals to develop, maintain and restore maximum movement and functional ability | ||
| health_specialty:phytotherapy | Phytotherapy/Herbalism/herbology/herbal medicine/botanical medicine. medical use of plants and plant extracts | ||
| health_specialty:podology | Podology/medical foot care. preventive, non-physical treatment of the feet e.g. for diabetics | ||
| health_specialty:psychotherapy | Psychotherapy. intentional interpersonal relationship used by trained psychotherapists to aid a patient in problems of living | ||
| health_specialty:speech_therapy | Speech therapy/Speech and language therapy/Logopaedics. therapy of speech and language disorders | ||
| health_specialty:traditional_medicine | based on traditional medicine. treatments based on traditional medical systems |
Subspecialties
| Key | Value | Common subspecialty of | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:homoeopathy | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | belief_based_therapy | Homoeopathy. treatment with highly diluted preparations, which contain (nearly) pure water | |
| health_specialty:reiki | belief_based_therapy | Reiki. religious influenced Japanese palm energy transfer therapy, not based on any long term experience | ||
| health_specialty:anthroposophical_medicine | belief_based_therapy | Anthroposophical_medicine. esoteric-spiritual medical system based on Rudolf Steiners own religion intermixed with homoeopathy | ||
| health_specialty:bach_flower_remedies | belief_based_therapy | Bach flower remedies. extremely diluted flower extracts which energies should considered a psychiatric medication replacement | ||
| health_specialty:chiropractic | manual_therapy | Chiropractic. treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine, under the hypothesis that these disorders affect general health via the nervous system | ||
| health_specialty:massage_therapy | manual_therapy | Massage therapy. manipulation of superficial and deeper layers of muscle and connective tissue to enhance the function and promote relaxation and well-being. See also shop=massage | ||
| health_specialty:autogenic_training | mind_body_intervention | Autogenic training. is a relaxation technique based on auto-suggestion developed by the German psychiatrist Johannes Heinrich Schultz | ||
| health_specialty:meditation | mind_body_intervention | Meditation. practices in which the practitioner trains his or her mind or self-induces a mode of consciousness in order to realize some benefit | ||
| health_specialty:progressive_muscle_relaxation | mind_body_intervention | Progressive muscle relaxation/PMR. technique for reducing anxiety by alternately tensing and relaxing the muscles | ||
| health_specialty:yoga | mind_body_intervention | Yoga. system of physical/mental exercises, closely connected to Indian meditation practice | ||
| health_specialty:art_therapy | psychotherapy | Art therapy. uses any forms of visual art expression as help for expressing inner problems | ||
| health_specialty:behavioural_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Behavioural psychotherapy. psychotherapy with uses on learning theory for behaviour modification | ||
| health_specialty:body_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Body psychotherapy/body-oriented psychotherapy/somatic psychology. psychotherapy which works with the mind to improve body functions (e.g. uses techniques from mind_body_intervention) | ||
| health_specialty:cognitive_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Cognitive psychotherapy. seeks to help the patient overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional thinking and emotional responses | ||
| health_specialty:cognitive_behavioural_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Cognitive behavioural psychotherapy. combines techniques from cognitive and behavioural psychotherapy | ||
| health_specialty:depth_psychology | psychotherapy | Depth psychology/Psychoanalysis/Analytical psychology. encourages the verbalization of all the patient's thoughts, including free associations, fantasies, and dreams, from which the analyst formulates the nature of the unconscious conflicts | ||
| health_specialty:systemic_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Systemic Psychotherapy. dealing with the interactions of groups and their interactional patterns and dynamics | ||
| health_specialty:humanistic_psychotherapy | psychotherapy | Humanistic psychotherapy. looks on the whole human and their needs and not only on the depth or "unconscious" aspects | ||
| health_specialty:traditional_chinese_medicine | traditional_medicine | Tui na. traditional Chinese medicine | ||
| health_specialty:kampo | traditional_medicine | Kampo. traditional Japanese medicine which is based on TCM | ||
| health_specialty:unani | traditional_medicine | Unani. traditional greeko-islamic medical system | ||
| health_specialty:ayurveda | traditional_medicine | Ayurveda. one of the traditional Indian medical systems |
Subsubspecialties
| Key | Value | Common subspecialty of | Description | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| health_specialty:shiatsu | yes/main/ additional/ no/partial/ trained | kampo | Shiatsu. traditional Japanese manual/hands-on therapy | |
| health_specialty:acupuncture | traditional_chinese_medicine | Acupuncture. traditional Taoistic treatment which inserts needles in the body to control the qi flow over certain distinct points | ||
| health_specialty:qi_gong | traditional_chinese_medicine | Qi Gong. describes various Chinese systems of physical and mental training for health, martial arts and self-enlightenment | ||
| health_specialty:tui_na | traditional_chinese_medicine | Tui na. traditional hands-on body treatment that uses Chinese taoist principles (also includes acupressure) |
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